Physical activity barriers in the workplace: an exploration of factors contributing to non-participation in a UK workplace physical activity intervention

Abstract

Purpose - This study aimed to explore factors contributing to non-participation in a workplace physical activity intervention in a large UK call centre. Methodology - 16 inactive individuals (9 male/7 female), aged 27 ± 9 years, who had not taken part in the intervention were interviewed to explore their perceptions of physical activity, the intervention and factors which contributed to their non-participation. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings - Six superordinate themes were identified: Self-efficacy for exercise; attitudes towards PA; lack of time and energy; facilities and the physical environment; response to the physical activity programme and physical activity culture. Barriers occurred at multiple levels of influence, and support the use of ecological or multilevel models to help guide future programme design/delivery. Limitations - The 16 participants were not selected to be representative of the workplace gender or structure. Future intentions relating to physical activity participation were not considered and participants may have withheld negative opinions about the workplace or intervention despite use of an external researcher. Practical implications - In this group of employees education about the importance of physical activity for young adults and providing opportunities to gain social benefits from physical activity would increase perceived benefits and reduce perceived costs of physical activity. Workplace cultural norms with respect to physical activity must also be addressed to create a shift in physical activity participation. Originality - Employees’ reasons for non-participation in workplace interventions remain poorly understood and infrequently studied. This study considers a relatively under-studied population of employed young adults, providing practical recommendations for future interventions.