Difficulties in recognising vocational skills and qualifications across Europe

Abstract

The development of the European Qualification Framework (EQF) as a means of assessing the relative status of qualifications across the EU is described, together with its fundamental design characteristics, particularly the adoption of a 'learning outcomes' approach. Ways in which it may be implemented, and possible difficulties in this, are explored through a discussion of Zones of Mutual Trust (ZMTs). Convergence and divergence between the Vocational education and training (VET) and qualification systems of selected occupations in England, Germany, France and the Netherlands are highlighted, and their implications for establishing and regulating cross-national equivalence of qualifications, including through the EQF, are explored.